Brown versus Board of Education Free Essays

Earthy colored versus the Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas was one of a gathering of cases that was being brought under the watchful eye of the Supreme Court in the mid 1950’s by the NAACP to challenge the idea of â€Å"separate yet equivalent. † The story started in 1950 when a few guardians went facing the Topeka educational committee that would just permit dark youngsters to go to one of the four isolated schools in the territory. Oliver Brown was one of this gathering, having carried his little girl to the neighborhood school, attempted to enlist her and was dismissed (National Park Service, 10). We will compose a custom paper test on Earthy colored versus Board of Education or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now The case was brought to court by the NAACP’s Legal Defense Fund, and was later joined with a few different cases, for example, Briggs v. Elliot and Bolling v. Sharpe (National Park Service, 10). The NAACP carried the suit with the center that school isolation was an infringement of the Fourteenth Amendment’s provision that accommodated equivalent assurance. Its unique reason had been to guarantee all blacks equivalent status as residents of the United States after the Civil War (Martin 2). The legitimate group likewise set forth that when dark youngsters went to racially isolated schools, it caused them hurt by making a â€Å"stigma of mediocrity (Martin 2). † This shame was bolstered by research expressing that racial isolation could harmfully affect a child’s advancement as they developed and on singular self-esteem. There was even proof introduced of the terrible impacts that isolation could likewise have on whites (Martin, 11). The Supreme Court, under the initiative of Justice Earl Warren, found for the plaintiff’s to end school isolation on May 17, 1954 (National Park Service 11-12). Toppling the point of reference of Plessy v. Ferguson, which initially settled the idea of discrete however equivalent, Brown v. Leading group of Education opened up the entryways of open and advanced education to blacks everywhere throughout the nation. This likewise inevitably opened up ways to new fields and openings that had once been shut off. Today, this milestone choice has been the reason for the Civil Rights development that arrived at its pinnacle during the 1960’s and later notable enactment (National Park Service 14). It additionally established the framework for other equivalent rights developments, including the battle by those with incapacities who needed equivalent access to open offices and end to work separation. American training currently can offer a free and proper government funded instruction to all, paying little mind to shading, race, inability or some other distinctive factor. Similarly as kids who were dark were allowed to go to incorporated schools, the case laid the legitimate system for later enactment, for example, the Individuals with Disabilities Act, or IDEA, that commanded instructive measures and administrations for youngsters with incapacities. Without Brown v. Leading body of Education laying the structure for these sorts of laws, other understudy populaces would not have accomplished the uniformity they have. The inheritance of Brown is one of resistance, correspondence and the waiting memory that so as to safeguard the opportunities that we have, we in some cases need to battle for them. One road that opportunity can be one in is, where far reaching developments can be brought into the real world. References Martin, Waldo E. Earthy colored v. Leading group of Education: A Brief History with Documents. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 1998. 23 May 2010 from http://books. google. com/books? id=KRxIUFnaFs8Cprintsec=frontcoverdq=br own+v. +board+of+educationcd=1#v=onepageqf=false Maruca, Mary. â€Å"Brown v. Leading body of Education National Historic Site. † National Park Service. 23 May 2010 from http://www. nps. gov/history/history/online_books/brvb/earthy colored. pdf Step by step instructions to refer to Brown versus Board of Education, Papers

Homosexuality Is Not a Psychological Disorder Free Essays

Previously, homosexuality was viewed as a mental issue, up until the APA expelled it from its rundown of dysfunctional behaviors. This was because of the way that homosexuality causes no type of impedance on the individual’s judgment, solidness, unwavering quality, or general social as well as professional capacities. This choice made more than 30 years back, has caused a great deal of analysis, many accept that the APA’s choice was made because of the measure of impact that the gay activism and not as indicated by the logical information that was gathered. We will compose a custom article test on Homosexuality Is Not a Psychological Disorder or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now There are two potential sides to this supposition about whether homosexuality is and ought to be viewed as a mental issue. As indicated by an article distributed in the Scientific Controversies: Case Studies in the Resolution and Closure of Disputes in Science and Technology, altered by H. Tristam Engelhardt Jr. , and Arthur Caplan, Cambridge U. Press, 1987. Dr. Irving Bieber, portrayed the endeavors for psychiatry to receive another point of view with respect to sexual typicality. During this time the mental callings were moving from the set up psychoanalytic hypotheses dependent on oblivious inspirations, in which they guaranteed that on the off chance that you can't obvious see misery, brokenness, as well as incapacity among mental conditions then it isn’t seen as being cluttered. Dr. Bieber while endeavoring to portray the trouble of grouping homosexuality presumed that homosexuality was not an ordinary sexual adjustment. At the point when the APA adjusted another arrangement of rules for characterizing mental scatters, Bieber contended that psychopathology, which could conceivable give indications of trouble, social working, and the capacity to work successfully could be available in psychopathology. Numerous others concur that homosexuality is in reality a mental issue, and contend that it really comes from misery in the family that prompts more despondency for the duration of their lives. Numerous people allude to it not being God’s will in this manner it is comprised as unusual, along these lines it is a psychological issue. Then again, homosexuality is characterized as being pulled in to or stimulated by people of a similar sex. Homosexuality is considered not to be a psychological issue because of the way that their activities don’t debilitate their capacity to work either busy working or in their own lives. Homosexuality doesn’t affect their capacity to work or frustrate their capacity to deal with their obligations at work, nor does it keep them from having the option to make and keep up dependable and solid individual connections. Gay people are similarly as mentally solid as any hetero seems to be. The scandalous Sigmund Freud and Havelock Ellis embraced an all the more tolerating position with respect to homosexuality. Ellis in 1901, contended that homosexuality was inalienable along these lines it wasn’t shameless, that it wasn’t really an infection, and numerous gay people had contributed extraordinarily in the public eye. Sigmund Freud had another position about homosexuality, and that was that he felt that every single individual were naturally indiscriminate, and those they really become either gay or hetero as the aftereffect of their past encounters with their folks and others. Whichever way Freud concurred with Ellis that homosexuality shouldn’t be seen as a type of pathology. In a well known letter that Freud kept in touch with a mother in 1935, he expressed that homosexuality can't be considered as a disease, and that he believed it to be a variety of sexual capacity created by certain region of sexual turn of events. He at that point proceeded to take note of that numerous exceptionally decent figures all through both old and present day times have been gay including Plato and Leonardo Da Vinci. In 1957, analyst Evelyn Hooker led an investigation in which she inquired as to whether gay people and heteros varied in their mental changes. She at that point selected a gathering of gay people who were viewed as working regularly in the public arena. At that point she utilized a method requesting that specialists rate the alteration among the men without beforehand knowing their sexual direction. Her investigation reasoned that homosexuality was not the slightest bit a clinical substance nor was it related with psychopathology. All in all, Homosexuality is certifiably not a mental issue. The APA’s governing body decided to expel it from the DSM-IV-TR, because of the incredible arrangement of information gathered, alongside the changing among social standards and the advancement of gay and gay extremist associations. We need to likewise mull over that by naming homosexuality we rapidly are showing victimization those people. There is nothing with respect to homosexuality that would cause a lot of pain as well as cause them weakness in their capacity to work typically. Their sexual inclination shouldn’t be considered as a being a mental issue. The way that an individual lean towards a similar sexual orientation doesn’t mean at all that they have a dysfunctional behavior, it doesn’t influence their capacity to be extraordinary individuals in the public arena, nor does it legitimately ruin their capacity to unction. Mental clutters are characterized as the people conduct or contemplations that impacts their life through and through and as causing a lot of trouble for the person. Homosexuality doesn't mean misery for these people, it is only inclination. On the off chance that homosexuality was viewed as a mental issue, we remove the privilege to protection after all sexuality is private; we would likewise be removing the privilege to joy, the appropriate for them to settle on their own decisions, the ideal for them to be them. By what means can the decision that they decide to make in their private life that doesn’t have any impact on their capacity to work nor does it cause misery to them be viewed as a mental issue? They are not seen as being unsafe to themselves or others by carrying on with their life the way that they decide to. Their sexual inclination has no impact on how their mental working, in this way homosexuality is certainly not a mental issue. It doesn’t influence their capacity to think, feel, act, and the capacity for them to become working citizenry. Reference www.lifesitenews.com/ldn/2006/jun/06062008.html The most effective method to refer to Homosexuality Is Not a Psychological Disorder, Essay models

Our new offering for school districts empowers teachers by quickly and easily differentiating instruction for every student who takes MAP Growth

Our new offering for school districts empowers teachers by quickly and easily differentiating instruction for every student who takes MAP Growth by Sal Khan, founder and CEO of Khan AcademyTeachers know that meeting the individual needs of each student can accelerate learning. They’re heroic in their efforts to differentiate instruction in classrooms of 25 or more students at various learning levels. But it’s challenging for even the most dedicated teacher to meet the diverse needs of every student. Differentiation is time consuming and intensely manual.  That’s why I’m delighted school districts can now choose MAP Accelerator, a new tool that does the hard work of differentiation for teachers. MAP Accelerator uses MAP Growth scores to automatically generate a personalized, mastery-based learning plan for every student, while keeping the teacher as the instructional decision maker.We’ve partnered with NWEA, the creator of MAP Growth, to introduce this new resource. Khan Academy and NWEA are excited to empower teachers with a new way to deeply connect interim assessment to actionable classroom learning. Our goal with MAP Accelerator is to reach the children who need our help most.  With MAP Accelerator, we import MAP Growth RIT scores into Khan Academy to automatically place students at their learning edge: • Teachers review the learning plan that MAP Accelerator recommends for each student. Teachers can adjust suggested goals in the learning plan as they see fit or accept all goals with a single click.   • Students take ownership over their learning as they progress through their personalized plan using Khan Academy’s mastery learning system. We foster student agency because students can move ahead or change directions.   •   Districts get an easy-to-implement solution with classroom, school, and district-level reporting; professional learning for teachers; and priority technical support.We recommend 30 or more minutes per week of student learning on MAP Accelerator. As students advance, teachers can use real-time data to make decisions about classroom instruction, form small groups, and provide one-on-one coaching.  Research shows that use of Khan Academy is associated with greater than expected growth in mathematics. Completing 60% or more of grade-level math on Khan Academy is associated with 1.8 times expected growth on the mathematics portion of MAP Growth.MAP Accelerator includes math content aligned to MAP Growth for grades three through eight in both English and Spanish. Our mastery learning system is aligned to Common Core State Standards and includes practice exercises with worked solutions, quizzes, unit tests, instructional videos, and articles.We launched a pilot of MAP Accelerator four months ago with five school districts: Clark County School District in Las Vegas, Nevada, Jefferson County School District in Louisville, Kentucky, and Madera Unified School District, Pajaro Valley Unified School District, and Glendale Unified School District in California. Nearly 180,000 students and thousands of teachers are using MAP Accelerator today. We’re heartened by their progress so far and look forward to great things to come.The pilot is just the start of an exciting new era for classrooms that use MAP Growth. With MAP Accelerator, teachers can not only see where students are in their learning journey but also pinpoint where they need help and generate a personalized learning plan quickly and easily with the click of a button. Students take ownership of their learning as they progress through Khan Academy’s mastery learning system. We think MAP Accelerator equips teachers to unlock student potential like never before.  To learn more about MAP Accelerator, please visi t our partner NWEA’s website.

Is Punishment A Major League Baseball - 3332 Words

To what extent has punishment in Major League Baseball since the Chicago Black Sox scandal in the 1919 World Series? Extended Essay in History Word count: 3073 Richard Moseley Moseley Abstract To what extent has punishment in Major League Baseball since the Chicago Black Sox scandal in the 1919 World Series? This investigation was done through numerous baseball reference websites, with ESPN being the primary source for the more current scandals such as Biogenesis. This investigation will assess how punishment in Major League Baseball has evolved since the World Series gambling scandal of 1919. This investigation will explore major cheating and gambling scandals in the history of Major League Baseball with a majority of the focus on the World Series scandal of 1919, the BALCO scandal, The Pete Rose scandal, and the Biogenesis scandal, and Major League Baseball’s response to each of the scandals. Major League Baseball has adopted a zero tolerance policy for gambling since the 1919 World Series, and the drug policy has four levels, starting with a fifty game suspension for the first offense, and eventually leading to a lifetime ban from Major League baseball. The adoption of strict punishments speak volumes of the administration of Major League Baseball, and their dedication to keeping the sport enjoyable for athletes and spectators, as well as protecting the integrity of the game as a whole. Word Count: 195 Table of Contents IntroductionShow MoreRelatedSteroids in Major League Baseball800 Words   |  4 PagesSteroids in Major League Baseball Anabolic steroids have been abused by Major League Baseball players for years, it’s time to forever ban the use of Performance Enhancing Drugs before they ruin America’s past time. Why should athletes be able to cheat when teammates or rivals are competing with honest effort? Every year records are broken and new heights are achieved, the game of baseball is very simple yet very humble, and to deceive the game you love, forever will you be punished. Let me informRead MoreSteroids : Steroids And Steroids1162 Words   |  5 Pagessomething about Baseball that is just astonishing. Most people in the world have grown up baseball in their life, and families share the love for the sport throughout generations. However, there are also people that overlook baseball because of one thing: steroids. The Steroid Era has caused a lot of problems with baseball; it has hurt it so much to this current day. Since the steroid era started, there was a huge boost from the offensive si de. Everyone who had a love for baseball enjoyed the offensiveRead MoreSteroids in Professional Baseball Essay1185 Words   |  5 PagesPerhaps one of the most controversial topics in Major League Baseball is the discussion of the use of steroids and human growth hormones. Both are completely illegal in the sport, and come with drastic consequences. One would think a fifty game suspension as a first offense would scare players away, but for some reason steroids in baseball is occurring more and more often to the disappointment of Major League Baseball. The reason players take steroids in the first place is to enhance their performanceRead MoreA Day For The Negro Race Essay1356 Words   |  6 Pagesand cannot play, who is allowed to the venues just to name a few decision owners are authorized to make. In baseball, no African American played or even signed to a Major League Baseball Organization, this includes both Minor and Major Leagues. Then all of that changed On October 23, 1945, when a young African American man by the name of Jackie Robinson officially signed a Major League Baseball contract with the Brooklyn Dodgers. Robinson would not fully break the color barrier until almost six monthsRead MoreThe Effect of Steriods in Major League Baseball Essay1343 Words   |  6 PagesBaseball is known as America’s pastime and is one of the most popular, respected sports on earth. Since the beginning of the sport, it seemingly advances with technology every year making faster and stronger players. The use of steroids became rampant and spread among players and has carried them away from the true history of the game they play. Controversy still today runs around the sport today about fines, punishments and record breaking. The past two decades of Major League Baseball have beenRead MorePete Rose Should Be Allowed Into the Hall of Fame991 Words   |  4 PagesWho Makes the Final Decision? There are many questions that go through a Major League Baseball fan of the Cincinnati Reds. The most important question that is on every Reds fan mind is why Pete Rose should be allowed into the Hall of Fame? Most players that have been inducted in the Major League Baseball Hall of Fame such as, Nolan Ryan, Tom Seaver, and everyone else were inducted for their pitching or baseball playing ability. Therefore, the main idea of being accepted into the Hall of FameRead MorePete Rose Baseball Scandal Essay1576 Words   |  7 Pagespastime, baseball has continually battled scandals and controversies. From the 1919 â€Å"Black Sox† scandal to the current steroid debate, baseball has lived in a century of turmoil. While many of these scandals affected multiple players and brought shame to teams, none have affected a single player more than the 1980’s Pete Rose betting scandal. Aside from the public humiliation he brought his family and the Cincinnati Reds, nothing has don e more to hurt Pete Rose than his lifetime ban from baseball makingRead MoreEssay on A Proposal for Major League Baseball1022 Words   |  5 Pagescaught and have received punishment, minor punishments, but there shall be more that are willing to try to take the risk. A solution to this matter is to end the individual’s contract ,or just distribute the money to many charities that need the money or to help the community. Have a bingo game with the money that the team is giving to the player. Each time increasing the winning prize to the point that the player have to provide money for bingo. In the history of baseball there are any legendsRead MorePerformance Enhancing Drugs in Baseball and the Hall of Fame1749 Words   |  7 PagesAccording to the dictionary a Hall of Fame is a building set aside to honor outstanding individuals in any profession. The Baseball Hall of Fame specifically is an American History Museum and Hall of Fame for Major League Baseball. There are however certain players who have not been allowed entrance to the hall of fame. These players may not have been allowed in for two reasons; the first is possibly because of their use (alleged or proven) of performance enhancing drugs (PEDs), or it may alsoRead MoreJackie Robinson: Braking The Color Barrier in The Major League 1170 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Hey Jackie, you should play baseball.† Jackie Robinson had no intention to play baseball. Jackie Robinson had to deal with many racial comments and put downs, but Jackie never gave up and ended up as a Major League hero. Jackie p layed many sports in high school and he was good at all of them. He lettered in every sport he played in high school. After high school, he didn’t have any intention to play sports anymore. Jackie actually enlisted in the army. He served two years and he ranked second lieutenant

Leadership Behavior - 2436 Words

------------------------------------------------- Essay Type Coursework ------------------------------------------------- 10% of Your Mark ------------------------------------------------- Individual Coursework ------------------------------------------------- Chapters 07, 08, 09, 10 and 11 25 Essay Questions Each question is worth 0.4% (10% à · 25 questions = 0.4%) Chrysanthos Neophytides ------------------------------------------------- Chapter 07 amp; 08 ------------------------------------------------- Motivation Concepts and Applications ------------------------------------------------- Answer All 10 Questions 1. How does achievement-motivated and affiliation-motivation influence behavior? Achievement-motivated is†¦show more content†¦Employees who feel over-rewarded will feel an imbalance in their relationship with their employer. What kinds of actions might they take to restore balance? Given payment by time, over-rewarded employees will produce more than will equitably paid employees. Hourly and salaried employees will generate high quantity or quality of production in order to increase the input side of the ratio and bring about equity. Given payment by quantity of production, over rewarded employees will produce fewer, but higher quality, units than will equitably paid employees. Individuals paid on a piece-rate basis will increase their effort to achieve equity, which can result in greater quality or quantity. However, increases in quantity will only increase inequity because every unit produced results in further overpayment. Therefore, effort is directed toward increasing quality rather than increasing quantity. 8. What kinds of actions might under-rewarded employees undertake to reduce their feelings of inequity? Given payment by time, under-rewarded employees will produce less or poorer quality of output. Effort will be decreased, which will bring lower productivity or poorer quality output than equitably paid subjects. Given payment by quantity of production, under-rewarded employees will produce a large number of low quality units in comparison with equitably paid employees. Employees on piece-rate pay plans can bring about equity because trading ofShow MoreRelatedThe Leadership Behavior Of Leadership1240 Words   |  5 Pagessubject of leadership and many different arguments or studies on the different styles of leadership. There are those that believe that leadership is something that one is born with and not something that is taught. Most professionals become familiar with their respective leadership style as well as the leadership style of others over a period of time. Research suggests leadership is a balanced combination of task and people concerns and orientation. Some say there is no one style of leadership suitableRead MoreLeadership : Leadership Behavior And Politics1370 Words   |  6 PagesLeadership Behaviors Politics Winning organizations today, attribute much of their success to having great people, great processes, and great leaders who inspire and motivate employees to follow them. Great leaders understand that they have influence and power over individuals, and what they do with this power defines them for years to come. We can all think of leaders of whom we respect and model our current behaviors after, and transversely, we can all think of leaders whose behaviors weRead MoreLeadership Styles And Leadership Behavior970 Words   |  4 Pagesimportant for any leader, not to apply the same leadership style in every situation (Northouse, 2015). 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I found it a great opportunity to have an interview with my most favorite leader of Ford Motors. As I want to peruse my career in running my own car manufacturing company. This interview helped me a lot to grasp the clear understanding of the leadership styles and skills which a leader really needsRead MoreLeadership Behavior From An Administrator Essay1379 Words   |  6 Pageswithout decreasing an individual’s value. The works related to public administration need proper leadership behavior from an administrator. Public sectors maintain an upward form of hierarchy, so the command authority is needed from the leader to ensure efficiency of the public organization. In order to achieve organizational goals, the process of influencing followers and sub-ordinates is called leadership in administration. A leader influences his/her followers through power influence and traits asRead MoreThe Leadership Behaviors Of The Transformational Leader1680 Words   |  7 Pageswhich Ms. Boucher has been doing. For her staff trust, admire, respect and is loyal towards her. Yuki (2013) discuss four leadership behaviors of the transformational leader, which is labeled the 4I’s. Idealized influence, Intellectual stimulation, Individualized consideration and Inspirational motivation. As a program director, Ms. Boucher displays Idealized Influence behavior, where she plays the part of a role model for her workers, and personify values that her followers can learn and internalizeRead MoreLevels Of Leadership And Human Behavior854 Words   |  4 PagesLevels of Leadership There are many different levels of leadership. As leaders, one has to interact with so many different types of people within an organization. These people are needed to help accomplish the goals of the organization. Leaders must be able to communicate with clarity and know how to motivate their people. This paper will explain some of the similarities and difference in Level One and Level Two leadership. In addition, offering a Christian worldview of the levels of leadership

Workforce Diversity Definition Free Essays

Workplace diversity is a people issue, focused on the differences and similarities that people bring to an organization. It is usually defined broadly to include dimensions beyond those specified legally in equal opportunity and affirmative action non-discrimination statutes. Diversity is often interpreted to include dimensions which influence the identities and perspectives that people bring, such as profession, education, parental status and geographic location. We will write a custom essay sample on Workforce Diversity Definition or any similar topic only for you Order Now Benefits of workforce diversity. Best available talent. Older employees can bring experience and a strong work ethic to the university. Lecturers from other countries, often have an exceptional education, here or abroad, in science and more technical fields. Universities that provide equal opportunities to all workers can select, interview, screen and hire the most educated and experienced workers. More effective execution. Operate more effectively than less-diverse universities due to collective education and experience. Inspire their employees, lecturers and students to perform to the best of their ability. Experienced and educated people tend to be better at planning, time management, goal setting, work delegation and projects completed on time. Negative impacts of workforce diversity. Unresolved conflict. Lecturers and students that come from different cultural backgrounds have different perspectives on how to handle issues or concerns that arise. No parallel understandings between lecturers, students and workers prohibit effective resolution of conflicts. Poor communication. Different countries and different native languages of students and lecturers prohibit clear and meaningful communication between them. Train the family of the university on cultural awareness and tolerance of differences to encourage them to openly discuss their different viewpoints on things as opposed to avoiding interaction or getting into conflict. Examples of workforce diversity in International Islamic University Malaysia. Lecturers. Many lecturers of IIUM come from different countries such as Russia, Japan, Uzbekistan, Bangladesh and so on. Workforce diversity allows IIUM to choose the IONbest lecturers to serve and educate their students. Students. Students of IIUM not only come from local citizens but also come from other countries such as Brunei Darussalam, Middle East countries and others. IIUM only selects the best students to be in this university. How to cite Workforce Diversity Definition, Papers

Policing Of Neighborhoods Essays - Law Enforcement, Crime Prevention

Policing Of Neighborhoods Policing of communitys can take form in many different ways. These ways include plenty of patrol day and night, little patrol or no patrol, and or foot patrol. Both of these articles: Poking Holes in the Theory of Broken Windows, by D.W. Miller; and Broken Windows: The police and neighborhood safety, by James Q. Wilson and George L. Kelling talk about the different theories on how to lower crime rates within the community. Broken Windows presents the theory that if little things are neglected then bigger things in turn will arise. Broken Windows: The police and neighborhood safety was written before the other article to establish its idea, as stated above. The second article, Poking Holes in the Theory of Broken Windows, was composed in order to get the point across that the Broken Windows theory is incorrect. The article Broken Windows The police and neighborhood safety brings about the theory that one unrepaired broken window is a signal that no one cares and so breaking more windows costs nothing (Wilson, Kelling, 1982). They are saying that if the community lets some crime go then it is just going to be the beginning of more serious crime. The police are not helping reduce the crime rate due to the fact that the police exist to regulate behavior, not to maintain the racial or ethnic purity of a neighborhood (Wilson, Kelling, 1982). To the residents, the police who arrive in squad cars are either ineffective or uncaring (Wilson, Kelling, 1982). So in turn they came up with the theory that making foot patrol in neighborhoods more readily available to the people would better deter crime. To the surprise of hardly anyone, that foot patrol had not reduced crime rates. But residents of foot-patrolled neighborhoods seemed to feel more secure than persons in other areas, tended to believe that crime had been reduced(Wilson, Kelling, 1982). By using this technique to try lowering crime rates they actually only fooled the public by making them feel more secure, when really they were not. The article Poking Holes in the Theory of Broken Windows, talked about how the article Broken Windows is only a theory (Miller, 2001, p. 4). They came to this conclusion through the reverse of Murphys Law: Virtually everything that could go right, did. Turf wars in the crack trade died down. The number of young males between the ages of 18-24- the crime - prone years - shrank. Unbroken economic growth provided disadvantaged young people with alternatives to crime (Miller, 2001, p. 4,5). In the essence when they thought their theory on cutting crime was working, it in fact was humanity that was changing for the better, proving their theory to be right. In reading the two assigned articles, Broken Windows: The police and neighborhood safety and Poking Holes in the Theory of Broken Window, it can be said that the second article contradicts the message that the first article was trying to get across. The Broken Window theory states that if little things are neglected then bigger things in turn will arise. In contrast to that, the second articles goes to show how the theory in the first one was wrong by pointing out how humanity changed as a whole. It made this change through great economic growth, which boosted peoples finances, and resulted in a decrease in criminal activities, instead of decreasing crime rates through increasing the policing of neighborhoods.